VIRTUAL MACHINE
HOST OS / HYPERVISOR
VIRTUAL
MACHINE
GUEST OS
TARGET
SOFTWARE
HARDWARE
VIRTUAL
MACHINE
GUEST OS
TARGET
SOFTWARE
CONTAINERS
HOST OS
CONTAINER
PROGRAMS &
LIBRARIES
TARGET
SOFTWARE
HARDWARE
CONTAINER
PROGRAMS &
LIBRARIES
TARGET
SOFTWARE
UNIKERNELS
HYPERVISOR
UNIKERNEL &
APPLICATION
HARDWARE
UNIKERNEL &
APPLICATION