1#include "quantize.cuh"
  2#include <cstdint>
  3
  4__launch_bounds__(CUDA_QUANTIZE_BLOCK_SIZE, 1)
  5static __global__ void quantize_q8_1(
  6        const float * __restrict__ x, void * __restrict__ vy,
  7        const int64_t ne00, const int64_t s01, const int64_t s02, const int64_t s03,
  8        const int64_t ne0, const uint32_t ne1, const uint3 ne2) {
  9    const int64_t i0 = (int64_t)blockDim.x*blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x;
 10
 11    if (i0 >= ne0) {
 12        return;
 13    }
 14
 15    const int64_t i3 = fastdiv(blockIdx.z, ne2);
 16    const int64_t i2 = blockIdx.z - i3*ne2.z;
 17    const int64_t i1 = blockIdx.y;
 18
 19    const int64_t & i00 = i0;
 20    const int64_t & i01 = i1;
 21    const int64_t & i02 = i2;
 22    const int64_t & i03 = i3;
 23
 24    const int64_t i_cont = ((i3*ne2.z + i2) * ne1 + i1) * ne0 + i0;
 25
 26    block_q8_1 * y = (block_q8_1 *) vy;
 27
 28    const int64_t ib  = i_cont / QK8_1; // block index
 29    const int64_t iqs = i_cont % QK8_1; // quant index
 30
 31    const float xi = i0 < ne00 ? x[i03*s03 + i02*s02 + i01*s01 + i00] : 0.0f;
 32    float amax = fabsf(xi);
 33    float sum = xi;
 34
 35    amax = warp_reduce_max<QK8_1>(amax);
 36    sum  = warp_reduce_sum<QK8_1>(sum);
 37
 38    const float  d = amax / 127.0f;
 39    const int8_t q = amax == 0.0f ? 0 : roundf(xi / d);
 40
 41    y[ib].qs[iqs] = q;
 42
 43    if (iqs > 0) {
 44        return;
 45    }
 46
 47    y[ib].ds = make_half2(d, sum);
 48}
 49
 50__device__ __forceinline__ uint8_t compute_e8m0_scale(float amax) {
 51    if (!(amax > 0.0f)) {
 52        return 0;
 53    }
 54
 55    // FP4 E2M1: max exponent (unbiased) is 2.
 56    constexpr int FP4_E2M1_EMAX = 2;
 57
 58    const float e = log2f(amax);
 59
 60    // "even" -> round-to-nearest integer, ties-to-even
 61    const int e_int = __float2int_rn(e);
 62
 63    const int shared_exp = e_int - FP4_E2M1_EMAX;
 64
 65    int biased = shared_exp + 127;
 66
 67    biased = max(biased, 0);
 68    biased = min(biased, 254);
 69
 70    return static_cast<uint8_t>(biased);
 71}
 72
 73// quantize values in the format mxfp4 is stored which is interleaved nibbles
 74// i.e. a block a0-a31 is represented as a0a16,a1a17 ...a15a31
 75static __global__ void quantize_mmq_mxfp4(const float * __restrict__ x,
 76                                          const int32_t * __restrict__ ids,
 77                                          void * __restrict__ vy,
 78                                          const int64_t ne00,
 79                                          const int64_t s01,
 80                                          const int64_t s02,
 81                                          const int64_t s03,
 82                                          const int64_t ne0,
 83                                          const int     ne1,
 84                                          const int     ne2) {
 85    constexpr int vals_per_scale = 32;
 86    constexpr int vals_per_warp  = 2 * vals_per_scale;  // Each warp processes 2 blocks of 32 = 64 values
 87
 88    const int warp_id = threadIdx.y;
 89    const int lane_id_32 = threadIdx.x;
 90
 91    const int nwarps = blockDim.y;
 92
 93    const int64_t warp_start_offset = (blockIdx.y * nwarps + warp_id) * vals_per_warp;
 94
 95    if (warp_start_offset >= ne0) {
 96        return;
 97    }
 98
 99    const int64_t i1 = blockIdx.x;
100    const int64_t i2 = blockIdx.z % ne2;
101    const int64_t i3 = blockIdx.z / ne2;
102
103    const int64_t i01 = ids ? ids[i1] : i1;
104    const int64_t i02 = i2;
105    const int64_t i03 = i3;
106
107    block_fp4_mmq * y = (block_fp4_mmq *) vy;
108
109    const int64_t block_fp4_mmq_size = 8 * QK_MXFP4;  // 256 values
110    const int64_t ib0                = blockIdx.z * ((int64_t) ne1 * (ne0 / block_fp4_mmq_size));
111    const int64_t ib = ib0 + (warp_start_offset / block_fp4_mmq_size) * ne1 + blockIdx.x;
112    const int64_t quad_idx_in_block  = (warp_start_offset % block_fp4_mmq_size) / vals_per_warp;
113
114    const int group_id = lane_id_32 / 4;
115    const int lane_in_group = lane_id_32 % 4;
116    const int base = group_id * 2;
117    char2 * yqs2 = (char2 *) y[ib].qs;
118
119    const int64_t base_pos = i03 * s03 + i02 * s02 + i01 * s01;
120
121    uint8_t scales[2];
122
123#pragma unroll
124    for (int b = 0; b < 2; ++b) {
125        const int64_t i0 = warp_start_offset + b * vals_per_scale + lane_id_32;
126        const float xi = (i0 < ne00) ? x[base_pos + i0] : 0.0f;
127
128        float amax = fabsf(xi);
129#pragma unroll
130        for (int mask = 16; mask > 0; mask >>= 1) {
131            amax = fmaxf(amax, __shfl_xor_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, amax, mask, WARP_SIZE));
132        }
133
134        const uint8_t e = compute_e8m0_scale(amax);
135        scales[b] = e;
136        const float inv_s = (amax == 0.0f) ? 0.0f : __frcp_rn(ggml_cuda_e8m0_to_fp32(e));
137
138#if CUDART_VERSION >= 12080
139        const float scaled_val = xi * inv_s;
140
141        const float val0 = __shfl_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, scaled_val, base, WARP_SIZE);
142        const float val1 = __shfl_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, scaled_val, base + 16, WARP_SIZE);
143        const float val2 = __shfl_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, scaled_val, base + 1, WARP_SIZE);
144        const float val3 = __shfl_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, scaled_val, base + 17, WARP_SIZE);
145
146        if (lane_in_group == 0) {
147            __nv_fp4x4_e2m1 fp4_packed(make_float4(val0, val1, val2, val3));
148
149            yqs2[quad_idx_in_block * 16 + b * 8 + group_id] = *(char2 *) &fp4_packed;
150        }
151#else
152        // Fallback: manual FP4 conversion using LUT
153        const uint8_t q_val = ggml_cuda_float_to_fp4_e2m1(xi, inv_s);
154
155        const uint8_t q_lo_0 = __shfl_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, q_val, base,      WARP_SIZE);
156        const uint8_t q_lo_1 = __shfl_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, q_val, base + 1,  WARP_SIZE);
157        const uint8_t q_hi_0 = __shfl_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, q_val, base + 16, WARP_SIZE);
158        const uint8_t q_hi_1 = __shfl_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, q_val, base + 17, WARP_SIZE);
159
160        if (lane_in_group == 0) {
161            char2 q;
162            q.x = (q_hi_0 << 4) | q_lo_0;
163            q.y = (q_hi_1 << 4) | q_lo_1;
164            yqs2[quad_idx_in_block * 16 + b * 8 + group_id] = q;
165        }
166#endif // CUDART_VERSION >= 12080
167    }
168
169    if (lane_id_32 == 0) {
170        // Store 2 scales packed into 1 uint32
171        y[ib].d4[quad_idx_in_block] = (scales[1] << 8) | scales[0];
172    }
173}
174
175template <mmq_q8_1_ds_layout ds_layout>
176static __global__ void quantize_mmq_q8_1(
177        const float * __restrict__ x, const int32_t * __restrict__ ids, void * __restrict__ vy,
178        const int64_t ne00, const int64_t s01, const int64_t s02, const int64_t s03,
179        const int64_t ne0, const int ne1, const int ne2) {
180
181    constexpr int vals_per_scale = ds_layout == MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_D2S6 ? 64 : 32;
182    constexpr int vals_per_sum   = ds_layout == MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_D2S6 ? 16 : 32;
183
184    const int64_t i0 = ((int64_t)blockDim.x*blockIdx.y + threadIdx.x)*4;
185
186    if (i0 >= ne0) {
187        return;
188    }
189
190    const int64_t i1 = blockIdx.x;
191    const int64_t i2 = blockIdx.z % ne2;
192    const int64_t i3 = blockIdx.z / ne2;
193
194    const int64_t i00 = i0;
195    const int64_t i01 = ids ? ids[i1] : i1;
196    const int64_t i02 = i2;
197    const int64_t i03 = i3;
198
199    const float4 * x4 = (const float4 *) x;
200
201    block_q8_1_mmq * y = (block_q8_1_mmq *) vy;
202
203    const int64_t ib0 = blockIdx.z*((int64_t)gridDim.x*gridDim.y*blockDim.x/QK8_1); // first block of channel
204    const int64_t ib  = ib0 + (i0 / (4*QK8_1))*ne1 + blockIdx.x;                    // block index in channel
205    const int64_t iqs = i0 % (4*QK8_1);                                             // quant index in block
206
207    // Load 4 floats per thread and calculate max. abs. value between them:
208    const float4 xi = i0 < ne00 ? x4[(i03*s03 + i02*s02 + i01*s01 + i00)/4] : make_float4(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
209    float amax = fabsf(xi.x);
210    amax = fmaxf(amax, fabsf(xi.y));
211    amax = fmaxf(amax, fabsf(xi.z));
212    amax = fmaxf(amax, fabsf(xi.w));
213
214    // Exchange max. abs. value between vals_per_scale/4 threads.
215#pragma unroll
216    for (int offset = vals_per_scale/8; offset > 0; offset >>= 1) {
217        amax = fmaxf(amax, __shfl_xor_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, amax, offset, WARP_SIZE));
218    }
219
220    float sum;
221    if (ds_layout != MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_D4) {
222        sum = xi.x + xi.y + xi.z + xi.w;
223
224        // Calculate sums across vals_per_sum/4 threads.
225#pragma unroll
226        for (int offset = vals_per_sum/8; offset > 0; offset >>= 1) {
227            sum += __shfl_xor_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, sum, offset, WARP_SIZE);
228        }
229    }
230
231    const float d_inv = 127.0f / amax;
232    char4 q;
233    q.x = roundf(xi.x*d_inv);
234    q.y = roundf(xi.y*d_inv);
235    q.z = roundf(xi.z*d_inv);
236    q.w = roundf(xi.w*d_inv);
237
238    // Write back 4 int8 values as a single 32 bit value for better memroy bandwidth:
239    char4 * yqs4 = (char4 *) y[ib].qs;
240    yqs4[iqs/4] = q;
241
242    if (ds_layout == MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_D2S6) {
243        if (iqs % 16 != 0 || iqs >= 96) {
244            return;
245        }
246
247        y[ib].d2s6[2 + iqs/16] = sum;
248
249        if (iqs % 64 != 0) {
250            return;
251        }
252
253        const float d = 1.0f / d_inv;
254
255        y[ib].d2s6[iqs/64] = d;
256
257        return;
258    }
259
260    if (iqs % 32 != 0) {
261        return;
262    }
263
264    const float d = 1.0f / d_inv;
265
266    if (ds_layout == MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_DS4) {
267        y[ib].ds4[iqs/32] = make_half2(d, sum);
268    } else {
269        y[ib].d4[iqs/32]  = d;
270    }
271}
272
273void quantize_row_q8_1_cuda(
274        const float * x, const int32_t * ids, void * vy, const ggml_type type_src0,
275        const int64_t ne00, const int64_t s01, const int64_t s02, const int64_t s03,
276        const int64_t ne0, const int64_t ne1, const int64_t ne2, const int64_t ne3, cudaStream_t stream) {
277    GGML_ASSERT(!ids);
278    GGML_ASSERT(ne0 % QK8_1 == 0);
279
280    const uint3 ne2_fastdiv = init_fastdiv_values(ne2);
281
282    const int64_t block_num_x = (ne0 + CUDA_QUANTIZE_BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / CUDA_QUANTIZE_BLOCK_SIZE;
283    const dim3 num_blocks(block_num_x, ne1, ne2*ne3);
284    const dim3 block_size(CUDA_QUANTIZE_BLOCK_SIZE, 1, 1);
285    quantize_q8_1<<<num_blocks, block_size, 0, stream>>>(x, vy, ne00, s01, s02, s03, ne0, ne1, ne2_fastdiv);
286    GGML_UNUSED(type_src0);
287}
288
289void quantize_mmq_q8_1_cuda(
290        const float * x, const int32_t * ids, void * vy, const ggml_type type_src0,
291        const int64_t ne00, const int64_t s01, const int64_t s02, const int64_t s03,
292        const int64_t ne0, const int64_t ne1, const int64_t ne2, const int64_t ne3, cudaStream_t stream) {
293    GGML_ASSERT(ne00 % 4 == 0);
294    GGML_ASSERT(ne0 % (4*QK8_1) == 0);
295
296    // ne1 tends to assume the highest values, therefore use it as the "x" dimension of the CUDA grid:
297    const int64_t block_num_y = (ne0 + 4*CUDA_QUANTIZE_BLOCK_SIZE_MMQ - 1) / (4*CUDA_QUANTIZE_BLOCK_SIZE_MMQ);
298    const dim3 num_blocks(ne1, block_num_y, ne2*ne3);
299    const dim3 block_size(CUDA_QUANTIZE_BLOCK_SIZE_MMQ, 1, 1);
300    switch (mmq_get_q8_1_ds_layout(type_src0)) {
301        case MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_D4:
302            quantize_mmq_q8_1<MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_D4>
303                <<<num_blocks, block_size, 0, stream>>>(x, ids, vy, ne00, s01, s02, s03, ne0, ne1, ne2);
304            break;
305        case MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_DS4:
306            quantize_mmq_q8_1<MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_DS4>
307                <<<num_blocks, block_size, 0, stream>>>(x, ids, vy, ne00, s01, s02, s03, ne0, ne1, ne2);
308            break;
309        case MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_D2S6:
310            quantize_mmq_q8_1<MMQ_Q8_1_DS_LAYOUT_D2S6>
311                <<<num_blocks, block_size, 0, stream>>>(x, ids, vy, ne00, s01, s02, s03, ne0, ne1, ne2);
312            break;
313        default:
314            GGML_ABORT("fatal error");
315            break;
316    }
317}
318
319void quantize_mmq_mxfp4_cuda(const float *                    x,
320                             const int32_t *                  ids,
321                             void *                           vy,
322                             [[maybe_unused]] const ggml_type type_src0,
323                             const int64_t                    ne00,
324                             const int64_t                    s01,
325                             const int64_t                    s02,
326                             const int64_t                    s03,
327                             const int64_t                    ne0,
328                             const int64_t                    ne1,
329                             const int64_t                    ne2,
330                             const int64_t                    ne3,
331                             cudaStream_t                     stream) {
332    GGML_ASSERT(ne0 % (2 * QK_MXFP4) == 0);
333
334    constexpr int nwarps = 8;
335    constexpr int vals_per_warp  = 2 * QK_MXFP4;
336    constexpr int vals_per_block = nwarps * vals_per_warp;
337
338    const int64_t block_num_y = (ne0 + vals_per_block - 1) / vals_per_block;
339    const dim3    num_blocks(ne1, block_num_y, ne2 * ne3);
340    const dim3    block_size(WARP_SIZE, nwarps, 1);
341
342    quantize_mmq_mxfp4<<<num_blocks, block_size, 0, stream>>>(x, ids, vy, ne00, s01, s02, s03, ne0, ne1, ne2);
343}