1#!/usr/bin/env python3
  2
  3# Test gguf.quants so that it exactly matches the C implementation of the (de)quantization
  4
  5# NOTE: this is kind of a mess, but at least it worked for initially testing the Python implementations.
  6
  7from __future__ import annotations
  8
  9import argparse
 10from math import prod
 11import os
 12import sys
 13from pathlib import Path
 14import ctypes
 15import logging
 16import numpy as np
 17
 18# Necessary to load the local gguf package
 19if "NO_LOCAL_GGUF" not in os.environ and (Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent / 'gguf-py').exists():
 20    sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
 21
 22import gguf
 23from gguf.constants import GGMLQuantizationType
 24
 25
 26logger = logging.getLogger("test-quants")
 27
 28
 29c_float_p = ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float)
 30
 31
 32class ggml_init_params(ctypes.Structure):
 33    _fields_ = [
 34        ("mem_size", ctypes.c_size_t),
 35        ("mem_buffer", ctypes.c_void_p),
 36        ("no_alloc", ctypes.c_bool),
 37    ]
 38
 39
 40class GGMLQuants:
 41    libggml: ctypes.CDLL
 42
 43    def __init__(self, libggml: Path):
 44        self.libggml = ctypes.CDLL(str(libggml))
 45        self.libggml.ggml_quantize_chunk.restype = ctypes.c_size_t
 46        # enum ggml_type   type,
 47        #    const float * src,
 48        #           void * dst,
 49        #        int64_t   start,
 50        #        int64_t   nrows,
 51        #        int64_t   n_per_row,
 52        #    const float * imatrix) {
 53        self.libggml.ggml_quantize_chunk.argtypes = (
 54            ctypes.c_int,
 55            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float),
 56            ctypes.c_void_p,
 57            ctypes.c_int64,
 58            ctypes.c_int64,
 59            ctypes.c_int64,
 60            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float),
 61        )
 62
 63        self.libggml.ggml_quantize_requires_imatrix.restype = ctypes.c_bool
 64        self.libggml.ggml_quantize_requires_imatrix.argtypes = (ctypes.c_int,)
 65
 66        for t in (
 67            "q4_0", "q4_1", "q5_0", "q5_1", "q8_0",
 68            "q2_K", "q3_K", "q4_K", "q5_K", "q6_K",
 69            "tq1_0", "tq2_0",
 70            "mxfp4",
 71            "iq2_xxs", "iq2_xs", "iq2_s", "iq3_xxs", "iq3_s", "iq1_s", "iq1_m",
 72            "iq4_nl", "iq4_xs",
 73        ):
 74            dequant_func: ctypes._NamedFuncPointer = getattr(self.libggml, "dequantize_row_" + t)
 75            dequant_func.restype = None
 76            dequant_func.argtypes = (ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float), ctypes.c_int64)
 77
 78        self.libggml.ggml_fp16_to_fp32_row.restype = None
 79        self.libggml.ggml_fp16_to_fp32_row.argtypes = (ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint16), ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float), ctypes.c_int64)
 80        self.libggml.ggml_bf16_to_fp32_row.restype = None
 81        self.libggml.ggml_bf16_to_fp32_row.argtypes = (ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint16), ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float), ctypes.c_int64)
 82
 83        self.libggml.ggml_init.argtypes = (ggml_init_params,)
 84
 85        self.libggml.ggml_init(ggml_init_params(1 * 1024 * 1024, 0, False))
 86
 87    def dequantize(self, tensor: np.ndarray, qtype: GGMLQuantizationType) -> np.ndarray:
 88        result = np.zeros(gguf.quant_shape_from_byte_shape(tensor.shape, qtype), dtype=np.float32, order="C")
 89        if qtype == GGMLQuantizationType.F32:
 90            # no-op
 91            result = tensor.view(np.float32)
 92        elif qtype == GGMLQuantizationType.F16:
 93            self.libggml.ggml_fp16_to_fp32_row(tensor.ctypes.data_as(ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint16)), result.ctypes.data_as(c_float_p), result.size)
 94        elif qtype == GGMLQuantizationType.BF16:
 95            self.libggml.ggml_bf16_to_fp32_row(tensor.ctypes.data_as(ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint16)), result.ctypes.data_as(c_float_p), result.size)
 96        else:
 97            lw_qname = qtype.name.lower()
 98            if lw_qname[-1] == "k":
 99                lw_qname = lw_qname[:-1] + "K"
100            dequant_func: ctypes._NamedFuncPointer = getattr(self.libggml, "dequantize_row_" + lw_qname)
101            dequant_func(tensor.ctypes.data_as(ctypes.c_void_p), result.ctypes.data_as(c_float_p), result.size)
102        return result
103
104    def quantize(self, data: np.ndarray, qtype: GGMLQuantizationType) -> np.ndarray:
105        result = np.zeros(gguf.quant_shape_to_byte_shape(data.shape, qtype), dtype=np.uint8, order="C")
106        if self.libggml.ggml_quantize_requires_imatrix(qtype.value):
107            # TODO: is a column-wise sum of squares appropriate?
108            qw = np.sum((data * data).reshape((-1, data.shape[-1])), axis=0).ctypes.data_as(c_float_p)
109        else:
110            qw = ctypes.cast(0, c_float_p)
111        result_size = self.libggml.ggml_quantize_chunk(qtype.value, data.ctypes.data_as(c_float_p), result.ctypes.data_as(ctypes.c_void_p), 0, prod(data.shape[:-1]), data.shape[-1], qw)
112        assert result.size == result_size
113        return result
114
115
116def compare_tensors(t1: np.ndarray, t2: np.ndarray, qtype: GGMLQuantizationType) -> bool:
117    same = np.array_equal(t1, t2)
118    if same:
119        return True
120    else:
121        block_size, type_size = gguf.GGML_QUANT_SIZES[qtype]
122        if t1.dtype == np.float32:
123            t1 = t1.reshape((-1, block_size))
124            t2 = t2.reshape((-1, block_size))
125        else:
126            t1 = t1.reshape((-1, type_size))
127            t2 = t2.reshape((-1, type_size))
128        x = t1.view(np.uint8) ^ t2.view(np.uint8)
129        diff_bits = np.count_nonzero(np.unpackbits(x, axis=-1), axis=-1)
130        num_bad_blocks = np.count_nonzero(diff_bits, axis=0)
131        if num_bad_blocks == 0 and t1.shape == t2.shape:
132            logger.debug("Bits are equal, but arrays don't match, likely contains NANs")
133            return True
134        logger.debug(f"{num_bad_blocks} bad blocks ({100 * num_bad_blocks / x.shape[0]:.6f}%)")
135        bad_block_id = np.argmax(diff_bits, axis=0)
136        logger.debug(f"Worst block id: {bad_block_id}")
137        logger.debug(f"Sample bad block ({diff_bits[bad_block_id]} differing bits):\n{t1[bad_block_id]}\nReference:\n{t2[bad_block_id]}")
138
139        sum_diff_bits = np.sum(diff_bits)
140        logger.debug(f"{sum_diff_bits} bits differ ({100 * sum_diff_bits / (x.size * 8):.6f}%)")
141        return False
142
143
144def do_test(libggml_path: Path, quick: bool = False, user_type: GGMLQuantizationType | None = None):
145    ggml_quants = GGMLQuants(libggml_path)
146
147    np.set_printoptions(precision=None, threshold=(4 * 256) + 1, formatter={"int": lambda n: "0x%02X" % n})
148
149    r = np.random.randn(8, 1024, 1024).astype(np.float32, copy=False)
150    # test zero blocks
151    r[0, 0, :] = 0
152    ## Maybe test infinities? (can make NANs, not really useful in practice)
153    # r[0, 1, 0] = np.inf
154    # r[0, 2, 0] = -np.inf
155    # r[0, 3, 0] = np.inf
156    # r[0, 3, 1] = -np.inf
157
158    for qtype in ((GGMLQuantizationType.F16, *gguf.quants._type_traits.keys()) if user_type is None else (user_type,)):
159        has_dequantize = False
160        has_quantize = False
161
162        try:
163            gguf.dequantize(np.zeros((gguf.GGML_QUANT_SIZES[qtype][1]), dtype=np.uint8), qtype)
164            has_dequantize = True
165        except (NotImplementedError, AssertionError) as e:
166            if isinstance(e, AssertionError):
167                logger.error(f"Error with {qtype.name}: {e}")
168                raise e
169        try:
170            gguf.quantize(np.zeros((gguf.GGML_QUANT_SIZES[qtype][0]), dtype=np.float32), qtype)
171            has_quantize = True
172        except (NotImplementedError, AssertionError) as e:
173            if isinstance(e, AssertionError):
174                logger.error(f"Error with {qtype.name}: {e}")
175                raise e
176
177        if not has_dequantize and not has_quantize:
178            continue
179
180        logger.info(f"Testing {qtype.name}")
181
182        rc = r.copy(order="C")
183
184        pyq = None
185        ggq = None
186
187        if has_quantize:
188            logger.debug(f"Quantizing to {qtype.name} with Python")
189            pyq = gguf.quants.quantize(rc, qtype)
190
191            logger.debug(f"Quantizing to {qtype.name} with C")
192            ggq = ggml_quants.quantize(rc, qtype)
193
194            if qtype == GGMLQuantizationType.F16:
195                pyq = pyq.view(np.uint8)
196            quant_equal = compare_tensors(pyq, ggq, qtype)
197
198            if not quant_equal:
199                logger.error(f"Quantization to {qtype.name} does not match ❌")
200            else:
201                logger.info(f"Quantization to {qtype.name} matches exactly ✅")
202
203        if has_dequantize:
204            if ggq is None and not quick:
205                logger.debug(f"Quantizing to {qtype.name} with C")
206                ggq = ggml_quants.quantize(rc, qtype)
207
208            if ggq is not None:
209                logger.debug(f"Dequantizing from {qtype.name} with Python")
210                pydq = gguf.quants.dequantize(ggq, qtype)
211                logger.debug(f"Dequantizing from {qtype.name} with C")
212                ggdq = ggml_quants.dequantize(ggq, qtype)
213
214                dequant_equal = compare_tensors(pydq, ggdq, qtype)
215
216                if not dequant_equal:
217                    logger.error(f"Dequantization from {qtype.name} does not match ❌")
218                else:
219                    logger.info(f"Dequantization from {qtype.name} matches exactly ✅")
220
221            rq_shape = gguf.quants.quant_shape_to_byte_shape((8, 1024, 1024 // 2), qtype)
222            rq = np.random.random(rq_shape).astype(np.float16).view(np.uint8)
223
224            logger.debug(f"Dequantizing random f16 data as {qtype.name} with Python")
225            pydq = gguf.quants.dequantize(rq, qtype)
226            logger.debug(f"Dequantizing random f16 data as {qtype.name} with C")
227            ggdq = ggml_quants.dequantize(rq, qtype)
228
229            dequant_equal = compare_tensors(pydq, ggdq, qtype)
230
231            if not dequant_equal:
232                logger.error(f"Dequantization from random f16 data as {qtype.name} does not match ❌")
233            else:
234                logger.info(f"Dequantization from random f16 data as {qtype.name} matches exactly ✅")
235
236
237if __name__ == "__main__":
238    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Test Python (de)quantization against the reference C implementation")
239    parser.add_argument("--libggml", type=Path, default=Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent / "build" / "bin" / "libggml.so", help="The path to libggml.so")
240    parser.add_argument("--quick", action="store_true", help="Don't quantize with C when it's not strictly necessary")
241    parser.add_argument("--type", type=str, help="The quant type to test (all by default)")
242
243    args = parser.parse_args()
244
245    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
246
247    do_test(args.libggml, args.quick, GGMLQuantizationType[args.type.upper()] if args.type is not None else None)