nonstd is a single-header C library providing a collection of "non-standard" but highly useful utilities, data structures, and type definitions that are often missing from the C standard library. It aims to make C programming more ergonomic and productive. It aims to be C99 compliant.

Features

• Shorthand Types: Concise integer types (i8, u32, usize, etc.) for better readability.
• Utility Macros: Common helpers like countof, MIN, MAX, CLAMP, and static_foreach.
• String View (stringv): Non-owning, read-only string references to avoid unnecessary copies.
• String Builder (stringb): Growable, mutable string buffer for efficient string construction.
• Dynamic Array (array): Generic growable arrays implemented via macros (similar to std::vector in C++).
• Slices (slice): Generic non-owning views into arrays.
• Memory Arena: Simple block-based arena allocator for bulk memory management.
• File I/O: Helper functions to read and write entire files with a single call.
• Logging: Simple, leveled logging with ANSI colors and timestamps.
• Canvas & PPM: Simple 2D drawing API with PPM (ASCII) import/export.

Installation

nonstd is a single-header library. To use it:

1. Copy nonstd.h into your project's include directory.
2. In one C source file, define NONSTD_IMPLEMENTATION before including the header to create the implementation:

#define NONSTD_IMPLEMENTATION
#include "nonstd.h"

3. In other files, just include it normally:

#include "nonstd.h"

Usage

Check the examples directory for usage examples. But here are a few simple examples:

1. Basic Types & Macros

#include "nonstd.h"

void example() {
    i32 x = 10;
    u64 y = 2000;
    usize size = 1024;
    
    int numbers[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
    printf("Count: %zu\n", countof(numbers)); // 5
    
    int val = CLAMP(100, 0, 10); // 10
    
    // Static foreach loop
    int n;
    static_foreach(int, n, numbers) {
        printf("%d ", n);
    }
}

2. Dynamic Arrays

Create type-safe growable arrays for any type.

// Define an array of integers
array(int) numbers;
array_init(numbers);

// Push values
array_push(numbers, 10);
array_push(numbers, 20);
array_push(numbers, 30);

// Iterate (index basic loop or helper macro)
int val;
array_foreach(numbers, val) {
    printf("%d\n", val);
}

// Access by index
if (numbers.length > 0) {
    printf("First: %d\n", numbers.data[0]);
    // or
    printf("First: %d\n", array_get(numbers, 0));
}

// Clean up
array_free(numbers);

3. String Views & Builders

String View (stringv): Ideal for parsing and passing strings around without allocation.

const char *raw = "Hello World";
stringv sv = sv_from_cstr(raw);
stringv word = sv_slice(sv, 0, 5); // "Hello" (no allocation)

if (sv_starts_with(sv, sv_from_cstr("Hello"))) {
    // ...
}

String Builder (stringb): Efficiently construct strings.

stringb sb;
sb_init(&sb, 0); // 0 = default capacity

sb_append_cstr(&sb, "Hello");
sb_append_char(&sb, ' ');
sb_append_cstr(&sb, "World");

printf("%s\n", sb.data); // "Hello World"

sb_free(&sb);

4. Memory Arena

Efficiently allocate many small objects and free them all at once.

Arena arena = arena_make();

// Allocations are fast and contiguous within blocks
void *obj1 = arena_alloc(&arena, 64);
void *obj2 = arena_alloc(&arena, 128);

// growth is automatic if a block is full

// Free everything at once
arena_free(&arena);

5. File I/O Helpers

Read or write files with a single functional call.

size_t size;
char *content = read_entire_file("data.txt", &size);

if (content) {
    printf("Read %zu bytes:\n%s\n", size, content);
    free(content); // Standard free (unless using arena)
}

// Or read directly into a string builder
stringb file_sb = read_entire_file_sb("config.ini");
// ... use file_sb ...
sb_free(&file_sb);

6. Logging

Simple logging with levels (ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG), timestamps, and colors.

// Set log level (default is INFO)
set_log_level(LOG_DEBUG);

// Use macros for logging
LOG_INFO_MSG("Starting application...");
LOG_DEBUG_MSG("Variable x = %d", 42);
LOG_WARN_MSG("Low memory warning");
LOG_ERROR_MSG("Connection failed");

// Environment variable override supported:
// LOG_LEVEL=0 (ERROR) ... 3 (DEBUG)

7. Canvas & PPM Images

Create simple 2D images, draw shapes, and save to PPM (ASCII) format.

// Initialize a 400x400 canvas
Canvas canvas = ppm_init(400, 400);

// Use predefined colors or HEX/RGB macros
ppm_fill(&canvas, COLOR_HEX(0x1a1a1a));

// Draw basic shapes
ppm_draw_rect(&canvas, 50, 50, 100, 100, COLOR_RED);
ppm_draw_circle(&canvas, 250, 100, 40, COLOR_BLUE);
ppm_draw_line(&canvas, 200, 200, 350, 350, COLOR_GREEN);
ppm_draw_triangle(&canvas, 50, 350, 150, 350, 100, 250, COLOR_YELLOW);

// Save to file
if (ppm_save(&canvas, "output.ppm")) {
    printf("Image saved successfully!\n");
}

// Clean up
ppm_free(&canvas);

Testing

The project includes a test suite using minunit.

To build and run the tests:

make test

Acknowledgments

• https://github.com/tsoding/nob.h