Massive update to posts, archetypes

Added a archetypes for creating notes and posts so it auto-populates
fields.

Fixed existing posts so they align with the rule of 80 columns now.

1 files changed, 168 insertions, 55 deletions

diff --git a/content/posts/2017-08-11-simple-iot-application.md b/content/posts/2017-08-11-simple-iot-application.md
index b34fe6b..a0ac4be 100644
--- a/content/posts/2017-08-11-simple-iot-application.md
+++ b/content/posts/2017-08-11-simple-iot-application.md
@@ -1,21 +1,40 @@
 ---
 title: Simple IOT application supported by real-time monitoring and data history
 url: simple-iot-application.html
-date: 2017-08-11
+date: 2017-08-11T12:00:00+02:00
 draft: false
 ---
 
 ## Initial thoughts
 
-I have been developing these kind of application for the better part of my last 5 years and people keep asking me how to approach developing such application and I will give a try explaining it here.
-
-IOT applications are really no different than any other kind of applications. We have data that needs to be collected and visualized in some form of tables or charts. The main difference here is that most of the times these data is collected by some kind of device foreign to developer that mainly operates in web domain. But fear not, it's not that different than writing some JavaScript.
-
-There are many devices able to transmit data via wireless or wired network by default but for the sake of example we will be using commonly known Arduino with wireless module already on the board → [Arduino MKR1000](https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-mkr1000).
-
-In order to make this little project as accessible to others as possible I will try to make it as inexpensive as possible. And by this I mean that I will avoid using hosted virtual servers and will be using my own laptop as a server. But you must buy Arduino MKR1000 to follow steps below. But if you would want to deploy this software I would suggest using [DigitalOcean](https://www.digitalocean.com) → smallest VPS is only  per month making this one of the most affordable option out there. Please notice that this software will not run on stock web hosting that only supports LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP).
-
-_But before we begin please take notice that this is strictly experimental code and not well optimized and there are much better ways in handling some aspects of the application but that requires much deeper knowledge of technology that is not needed for an example like this._
+I have been developing these kind of application for the better part of my last 
+5 years and people keep asking me how to approach developing such application 
+and I will give a try explaining it here.
+
+IOT applications are really no different than any other kind of applications. 
+We have data that needs to be collected and visualized in some form of tables 
+or charts. The main difference here is that most of the times these data is 
+collected by some kind of device foreign to developer that mainly operates in 
+web domain. But fear not, it's not that different than writing some JavaScript.
+
+There are many devices able to transmit data via wireless or wired network by 
+default but for the sake of example we will be using commonly known Arduino 
+with wireless module already on the board → [Arduino MKR1000](https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-mkr1000).
+
+In order to make this little project as accessible to others as possible I will 
+try to make it as inexpensive as possible. And by this I mean that I will avoid 
+using hosted virtual servers and will be using my own laptop as a server. But 
+you must buy Arduino MKR1000 to follow steps below. But if you would want to 
+deploy this software I would suggest using 
+[DigitalOcean](https://www.digitalocean.com) → smallest VPS is only  per month 
+making this one of the most affordable option out there. Please notice that 
+this software will not run on stock web hosting that only supports LAMP 
+(Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP).
+
+But before we begin please take notice that this is strictly experimental code 
+and not well optimized and there are much better ways in handling some aspects 
+of the application but that requires much deeper knowledge of technology that 
+is not needed for an example like this.
 
 **Development steps**
 
@@ -23,23 +42,33 @@ _But before we begin please take notice that this is strictly experimental code
 2. Prototype C++ code that will read "sensor data" and transmit it to API.
 3. Data visualization with charts → extends Python web application.
 
-Step 1. and 3. will share the same web application. One route will be dedicated to API and another to serving HTML with chart.
+Step 1. and 3. will share the same web application. One route will be dedicated 
+to API and another to serving HTML with chart.
 
-Schema below represents what we will try to achieve and how different parts correlates to each other.
+Schema below represents what we will try to achieve and how different parts 
+correlates to each other.
 
 ![Overview](/assets/iot-application/simple-iot-application-overview.svg)
 
 ## Simple Python API
 
-I have always been a fan of simplicity so we will be using [Bottle: Python Web Framework](https://bottlepy.org/docs/dev/). It is a single file web framework that seriously simplifies working with routes, templating and has built-in web server that satisfies our need in this case.
+I have always been a fan of simplicity so we will be using [Bottle: Python Web Framework](https://bottlepy.org/docs/dev/). 
+It is a single file web framework that seriously simplifies working with routes, 
+templating and has built-in web server that satisfies our need in this case.
 
-First we need to install bottle package. This can be done by downloading ```bottle.py``` and placing it in the root of your application or by using pip software ```pip install bottle --user```.
+First we need to install bottle package. This can be done by downloading 
+```bottle.py``` and placing it in the root of your application or by using 
+pip software ```pip install bottle --user```.
 
-If you are using Linux or MacOS then Python is already installed. If you will try to test this on Windows please install [Python for Windows](https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/). There may be some problems with path when you will try to launch ```python webapp.py``` so please take care of this before you continue.
+If you are using Linux or MacOS then Python is already installed. If you will 
+try to test this on Windows please install [Python for Windows](https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/). 
+There may be some problems with path when you will try to launch 
+```python webapp.py``` so please take care of this before you continue.
 
 ### Basic web application
 
-Most basic bottle application is quite simple. Paste code below in ```webapp.py``` file and save.
+Most basic bottle application is quite simple. Paste code below in 
+```webapp.py``` file and save.
 
 ```python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
@@ -67,29 +96,60 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
   )
 ```
 
-To run this simple application you should open command prompt or terminal on your machine and go to the folder containing your file and type ```python webapp.py```. If everything goes ok then open your web browser and point it to ```http://0.0.0.0:5000```.
+To run this simple application you should open command prompt or terminal on 
+your machine and go to the folder containing your file and type 
+```python webapp.py```. If everything goes ok then open your web browser and 
+point it to ```http://0.0.0.0:5000```.
 
-If you would like change the port of your application (like port 80) and not use root to run your app this will present a problem. The TCP/IP port numbers below 1024 are privileged ports → this is a security feature. So in order of simplicity and security use a port number above 1024 like I have used port 5000.
+If you would like change the port of your application (like port 80) and not 
+use root to run your app this will present a problem. The TCP/IP port numbers 
+below 1024 are privileged ports → this is a security feature. So in order of 
+simplicity and security use a port number above 1024 like I have used port 
+5000.
 
-If this fails at any time please fix it before you continue, because nothing below will work otherwise.
+If this fails at any time please fix it before you continue, because nothing 
+below will work otherwise.
 
-We use 0.0.0.0 as default host so that this app is available over your local network. If you find your local ip ```ifconfig``` and try accessing this site with your phone (if on same network/router as your machine) this should work as well (example of such ip ```http://192.168.1.15:5000```). This is a must have because Arduino will be accessing this application to send it's data.
+We use 0.0.0.0 as default host so that this app is available over your local 
+network. If you find your local ip ```ifconfig``` and try accessing this site 
+with your phone (if on same network/router as your machine) this should work 
+as well (example of such ip ```http://192.168.1.15:5000```). This is a must 
+have because Arduino will be accessing this application to send it's data.
 
 ### Web application security
 
-There is a lot to be said about security and is a topic of many books. Of course all this can not be written here but to just establish some basic security → you should always use SSL with your application. Some fantastic free certificates are available by [Let's Encrypt - Free SSL/TLS Certificates](https://letsencrypt.org). With SSL certificate installed you should then make use of HTTP headers and send your "API key" via a header. If your key is send via header then this key is encrypted by SSL and send encrypted over the network. Never send your api keys by GET parameter like ```http://example.com/?api_key=somekeyvalue```. The problem that this kind of sending presents is that this key is visible in logs and by network sniffers.
+There is a lot to be said about security and is a topic of many books. Of course 
+all this can not be written here but to just establish some basic 
+security → you should always use SSL with your application. Some fantastic free 
+certificates are available by [Let's Encrypt - Free SSL/TLS Certificates](https://letsencrypt.org). 
+With SSL certificate installed you should then make use of HTTP headers and 
+send your "API key" via a header. If your key is send via header then this 
+key is encrypted by SSL and send encrypted over the network. Never send your 
+api keys by GET parameter like ```http://example.com/?api_key=somekeyvalue```. 
+The problem that this kind of sending presents is that this key is visible in 
+logs and by network sniffers.
 
 There is a fantastic article describing some aspects about security: [11 Web Application Security Best Practices](https://www.keycdn.com/blog/web-application-security-best-practices/). Please check it out.
 
 ### Simple API for writing data-points
 
-We will now be using boilerplate code from example above and extend it to be able to write data received by API to local storage. For example use I will use SQLite3 because it plays well with Python and can store quite large amount of data. I have been using it to collect gigabytes of data in a single database without any corruption or problems → your experience may vary.
+We will now be using boilerplate code from example above and extend it to be 
+able to write data received by API to local storage. For example use I will 
+use SQLite3 because it plays well with Python and can store quite large amount 
+of data. I have been using it to collect gigabytes of data in a single database 
+without any corruption or problems → your experience may vary.
 
-To avoid learning SQLite I will be using [Dataset: databases for lazy people](https://dataset.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html). This package abstracts SQL and simplifies writing and reading data from database. You should install this package with pip software ```pip install dataset --user```.
+To avoid learning SQLite I will be using [Dataset: databases for lazy people](https://dataset.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html). 
+This package abstracts SQL and simplifies writing and reading data from 
+database. You should install this package with pip software 
+```pip install dataset --user```.
 
-Because API will use POST method I will be testing if code works correctly by using [Restlet Client for Google Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/restlet-client-rest-api-t/aejoelaoggembcahagimdiliamlcdmfm). This software also allows you to set headers → for basic security with API_KEY.
+Because API will use POST method I will be testing if code works correctly by 
+using [Restlet Client for Google Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/restlet-client-rest-api-t/aejoelaoggembcahagimdiliamlcdmfm). 
+This software also allows you to set headers → for basic security with API_KEY.
 
-To quickly generate passwords or API keys I usually use this nifty website [RandomKeygen](https://randomkeygen.com/).
+To quickly generate passwords or API keys I usually use this nifty website 
+[RandomKeygen](https://randomkeygen.com/).
 
 Copy and paste code below over your previous code in file ```webapp.py```.
 
@@ -144,31 +204,53 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
   )
 ```
 
-To run this simply go to folder containing python file and run ```python webapp.py``` from terminal. If everything goes ok you should have simple API available via POST method on /api route.
+To run this simply go to folder containing python file and run 
+```python webapp.py``` from terminal. If everything goes ok you should have 
+simple API available via POST method on /api route.
 
-After testing the service with Restlet Client you should be able to view your data in a database file ```data.db```.
+After testing the service with Restlet Client you should be able to view 
+your data in a database file ```data.db```.
 
 ![REST settings example](/assets/iot-application/iot-rest-example.png)
 
-You can also check the contents of new database file by using desktop client for SQLite → [DB Browser for SQLite](http://sqlitebrowser.org/).
+You can also check the contents of new database file by using desktop client 
+for SQLite → [DB Browser for SQLite](http://sqlitebrowser.org/).
 
 ![SQLite database example](/assets/iot-application/iot-sqlite-db.png)
 
-Table structure is as simple as it can be. We have ts (timestamp) and value (value from Arduino). As you can see timestamp is generated on API side. If you would happen to have atomic clock on Arduino it would be then better to generate and send timestamp with the value. This would be particularity useful if we would be collecting sensor data at a higher frequency and then sending this data in bulk to API.
+Table structure is as simple as it can be. We have ts (timestamp) and 
+value (value from Arduino). As you can see timestamp is generated on API 
+side. If you would happen to have atomic clock on Arduino it would be then 
+better to generate and send timestamp with the value. This would be 
+particularity useful if we would be collecting sensor data at a higher 
+frequency and then sending this data in bulk to API.
 
-If you will deploy this app with uWSGI and multi-threaded, use DSN (Data Source Name) url with ```?check_same_thread=False```.
+If you will deploy this app with uWSGI and multi-threaded, use 
+DSN (Data Source Name) url with ```?check_same_thread=False```.
 
-Ok, now that we have some sort of a working API with some basic security so unwanted people can not post data to your database can we proceed further and try to program Arduino to send data to API.
+Ok, now that we have some sort of a working API with some basic security 
+so unwanted people can not post data to your database can we proceed further 
+and try to program Arduino to send data to API.
 
 ## Sending data to API with Arduino MKR1000
 
-First of all you should have MKR1000 module and microUSB cable to proceed. If you have ever done any work with Arduino you should know that you also need [Arduino IDE](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software). On provided link you should be able to download and install IDE. Once that task is completed and you have successfully run blink example you should proceed to the next step.
+First of all you should have MKR1000 module and microUSB cable to proceed. 
+If you have ever done any work with Arduino you should know that you also 
+need [Arduino IDE](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software). On provided link 
+you should be able to download and install IDE. Once that task is completed 
+and you have successfully run blink example you should proceed to the next step.
 
-In order to use wireless capabilities of MKR1000 you need to first install [WiFi101 library](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/WiFi101) in Arduino IDE. Please check before you install, you may already have it installed.
+In order to use wireless capabilities of MKR1000 you need to first install 
+[WiFi101 library](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/WiFi101) in Arduino IDE. 
+Please check before you install, you may already have it installed.
 
-Code below is a working example that sends data to API. Before you try to test your code make sure you have run Python web application. Then change settings for wifi, api endpoint and api_key. If by some reason code bellow doesn't work for you please leave a comment and I'll try to help.
+Code below is a working example that sends data to API. Before you try to test 
+your code make sure you have run Python web application. Then change settings 
+for wifi, api endpoint and api_key. If by some reason code bellow doesn't work 
+for you please leave a comment and I'll try to help.
 
-Once you have opened IDE and copied this code try to compile and upload it. Then open "Serial monitor" to see if any output is presented by Arduino.
+Once you have opened IDE and copied this code try to compile and upload it. 
+Then open "Serial monitor" to see if any output is presented by Arduino.
 
 ```c
 #include <WiFi101.h>
@@ -225,7 +307,6 @@ void setup() {
 }
 
 void loop() {
-
   WiFiClient client;
 
   if (client.connect(server, port)) {
@@ -251,32 +332,54 @@ void loop() {
 
   // waits for x seconds and continue looping
   delay(timeout);
-
 }
 ```
 
-As seen from example you can notice that Arduino is generating random integer between [ 0 .. 1000 ]. You can easily replace this with a temperature sensor or any other kind of sensor.
+As seen from example you can notice that Arduino is generating random integer 
+between [ 0 .. 1000 ]. You can easily replace this with a temperature sensor 
+or any other kind of sensor.
 
-Now that we have API under the hood and Arduino is sending demo data we can now focus on data visualization.
+Now that we have API under the hood and Arduino is sending demo data we can 
+now focus on data visualization.
 
 ## Data visualization
 
-Before we continue we should examine our project folder structure. Currently we only have two files in our project:
+Before we continue we should examine our project folder structure. Currently 
+we only have two files in our project:
 
 _simple-iot-app/_
 
 * _webapp.py_
 * _data.db_
 
-We will now add HTML template that will contain CSS and JavaScript code inline for the simplicity reason. And for the bottle framework to be able to scan root application folder for templates we will add ```bottle.TEMPLATE_PATH.insert(0, "./")``` in ```webapp.py```. By default bottle framework uses ```views/``` subfolder to store templates. This is not the ideal situation and if you will use bottle to develop web applications you should use native behavior and store templates in it's predefined folder. But for the sake of example we will over-ride this. Be careful to fully replace your code with new code that is provided below. Avoid partially replacing code in file :) Also new code for reading data-points is provided in Python example below.
-
-First we add new route to our web application. It should be trigger when browser hits root of application ```http://0.0.0.0:5000/```. This route will do nothing more than render ```frontend.html``` template. This is done by ```return bottle.template("frontend.html")```. Check code below to further examine how exactly this is done.
-
-Now we will expand ```/api``` route and use different methods to write or read data-points. For writing data-point we will use POST method and for reading points we will use GET method. GET method will return JSON object with latest readings and historical data.
-
-There is a fantastic JavaScript library for plotting time-series charts called [MetricsGraphics.js](https://www.metricsgraphicsjs.org) that is based on [D3.js](https://d3js.org/) library for visualizing data.
-
-Data schema required by MetricsGraphics.js → to achieve this we need to transform data from database into this format:
+We will now add HTML template that will contain CSS and JavaScript code inline 
+for the simplicity reason. And for the bottle framework to be able to scan root 
+application folder for templates we will add 
+```bottle.TEMPLATE_PATH.insert(0, "./")``` in ```webapp.py```. By default bottle 
+framework uses ```views/``` subfolder to store templates. This is not the ideal 
+situation and if you will use bottle to develop web applications you should use 
+native behavior and store templates in it's predefined folder. But for the sake 
+of example we will over-ride this. Be careful to fully replace your code with 
+new code that is provided below. Avoid partially replacing code in file :) Also 
+new code for reading data-points is provided in Python example below.
+
+First we add new route to our web application. It should be trigger when browser 
+hits root of application ```http://0.0.0.0:5000/```. This route will do nothing 
+more than render ```frontend.html``` template. This is done by 
+```return bottle.template("frontend.html")```. Check code below to further 
+examine how exactly this is done.
+
+Now we will expand ```/api``` route and use different methods to write or 
+read data-points. For writing data-point we will use POST method and for 
+reading points we will use GET method. GET method will return JSON object 
+with latest readings and historical data.
+
+There is a fantastic JavaScript library for plotting time-series charts 
+called [MetricsGraphics.js](https://www.metricsgraphicsjs.org) that is 
+based on [D3.js](https://d3js.org/) library for visualizing data.
+
+Data schema required by MetricsGraphics.js → to achieve this we need to 
+transform data from database into this format:
 
 ```json
 [
@@ -291,7 +394,9 @@ Data schema required by MetricsGraphics.js → to achieve this we need to transf
 ]
 ```
 
-Web application is now complete and we only need ```frontend.html``` that we will develop now. If you would try to start web app now and go to root app this will return error because we don't have frontend.html yet.
+Web application is now complete and we only need ```frontend.html``` that we 
+will develop now. If you would try to start web app now and go to root app 
+this will return error because we don't have frontend.html yet.
 
 ```python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
@@ -372,7 +477,9 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
   )
 ```
 
-And now finally we can implement ```frontend.html```. Create file with this name and copy code below. When you are done you can start web application. Steps for this part are listed below the code.
+And now finally we can implement ```frontend.html```. Create file with this 
+name and copy code below. When you are done you can start web application. 
+Steps for this part are listed below the code.
 
 ```html
 <!DOCTYPE html>
@@ -465,9 +572,11 @@ Ok, lets now start application and start feeding it data.
 2. connect Arduino MKR1000 to power source
 3. open browser and go to ```http://0.0.0.0:5000```
 
-If everything goes well you should be seeing new data-points rendered on chart every 5 seconds.
+If everything goes well you should be seeing new data-points rendered on 
+chart every 5 seconds.
 
-If you navigate to ```http://0.0.0.0:5000``` you should see rendered chart as shown on picture below.
+If you navigate to ```http://0.0.0.0:5000``` you should see rendered chart 
+as shown on picture below.
 
 ![Application output](/assets/iot-application/iot-app-output.png)
 
@@ -475,9 +584,12 @@ Complete application with all the code is available for [download](/assets/iot-a
 
 ## Conclusion
 
-I hope this clarifies some aspects of IOT application development. Of course this is a minimal example and is far from what can be done in real life with some further dive into other technologies.
+I hope this clarifies some aspects of IOT application development. Of course 
+this is a minimal example and is far from what can be done in real life with 
+some further dive into other technologies.
 
-If you would like to continue exploring IOT world here are some interesting resources for you to examine:
+If you would like to continue exploring IOT world here are some interesting 
+resources for you to examine:
 
 * [Reading Sensors with an Arduino](https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/projects/reading-sensors-with-an-arduino/)
 * [MQTT 101 – How to Get Started with the lightweight IoT Protocol](http://www.hivemq.com/blog/how-to-get-started-with-mqtt)
@@ -485,3 +597,4 @@ If you would like to continue exploring IOT world here are some interesting reso
 * [Internet of Things (IoT) Tutorials](http://www.tutorialspoint.com/internet_of_things/)
 
 Any comment or additional ideas are welcomed in comments below.
+