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1<!doctype html><html lang=en-us><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><link href="data:image/x-icon;base64,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" rel=icon type=image/x-icon><title>Golang profiling simplified</title><meta name=description content="Many posts have been written regarding profiling in Golang and I haven’t foundproper tutorial regarding this."><link rel=alternate type=application/rss+xml title="Mitja Felicijan's posts" href=https://mitjafelicijan.com/index.xml><link rel=alternate type=application/rss+xml title="Mitja Felicijan's notes" href=https://mitjafelicijan.com/notes.xml><style>body{padding:1rem;max-width:760px;background:#fff;font-family:sans-serif;line-height:1.35rem;font-size:16px;margin:0 auto}hr{margin-block-start:1.5rem}h1,h2,h3{line-height:initial}h1{font-size:xx-large}footer{margin-block-start:2rem}cap{text-transform:capitalize}table{max-width:100%;width:100%;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:2px;border:1px solid #000;border-left:1px solid #999;border-top:1px solid #999}blockquote{font-style:italic}table thead{background:#eee}ul.list li{padding:.2em 0}ul{line-height:1.4em}td,th{border:1px solid #000;padding:4px;border-right:1px solid #999;border-bottom:1px solid #999;text-align:left}pre{text-wrap:nowrap;overflow-x:auto;padding:0 1em;border:1px solid #dcdcdc}code{padding:0 3px;font-size:14px;border:0}pre code{line-height:1.3em}pre,code,pre *,code *{font-family:monospace}figure{margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:0}figcaption{text-align:center}figcaption p{margin:.3em 0 0}img,video,audio{max-width:100%}header{display:flex;flex-direction:row;gap:3rem}nav{display:flex;gap:.75rem}nav.main{flex-grow:1}.pstatus-orange{background:gold}.pstatus-green{background:#9acd32}.pstatus-red{background:#cd5c5c}@media only screen and (max-width:600px){body{padding:15px}header{flex-direction:column;gap:1rem}a{word-wrap:break-word}}</style><header><nav class=main itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement role=toolbar><a href=/>Home</a>
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7<a href=/index.xml target=_blank>RSS</a></nav></header><main role=main><article itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><h1 itemtype=headline>Golang profiling simplified</h1><p><cap>post</cap>, Mar 7, 2017 on <a href=https://mitjafelicijan.com>Mitja Felicijan's blog</a><div><p>Many posts have been written regarding profiling in Golang and I haven’t found
8proper tutorial regarding this. Almost all of them are missing some part of
9important information and it gets pretty frustrating when you have a deadline
10and are not finding simple distilled solution.<p>Nevertheless, after searching and experimenting I have found a solution that
11works for me and probably should also for you.<h2 id=where-are-my-pprof-files>Where are my pprof files?</h2><p>By default pprof files are generated in /tmp/ folder. You can override folder
12where this files are generated programmatically in your golang code as we will
13see below in example.<h2 id=why-is-my-cpu-profile-empty>Why is my CPU profile empty?</h2><p>I have found out that sometimes CPU profile is empty because program was not
14executing long enough. Programs, that execute too quickly don’t produce pprof
15file in my cases. Well, file is generated but only contains 4KB of information.<h2 id=profiling>Profiling</h2><p>As you can see from examples we are executing dummy_benchmark functions to
16ensure some sort of execution. Memory profiling can be done without such a
17“complex” function. But CPU profiling needs it.<p>Both memory and CPU profiling examples are almost the same. Only parameters in
18main function when calling profile.Start are different. When we set
19profile.ProfilePath(“.”) we tell profiler to store pprof files in the same
20folder as our program.<h3 id=memory-profiling>Memory profiling</h3><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#fff><code><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#00f>package</span> main
21</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
22</span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#00f>import</span> (
23</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#a31515>&#34;fmt&#34;</span>
24</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#a31515>&#34;time&#34;</span>
25</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#a31515>&#34;github.com/pkg/profile&#34;</span>
26</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>)
27</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
28</span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#00f>func</span> dummy_benchmark() {
29</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
30</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> fmt.Println(<span style=color:#a31515>&#34;first set ...&#34;</span>)
31</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#00f>for</span> i := 0; i &lt; 918231333; i++ {
32</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> i *= 2
33</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> i /= 2
34</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> }
35</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
36</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> &lt;-time.After(time.Second*3)
37</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
38</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> fmt.Println(<span style=color:#a31515>&#34;sencond set ...&#34;</span>)
39</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#00f>for</span> i := 0; i &lt; 9182312232; i++ {
40</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> i *= 2
41</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> i /= 2
42</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> }
43</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>}
44</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
45</span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#00f>func</span> main() {
46</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#00f>defer</span> profile.Start(profile.MemProfile, profile.ProfilePath(<span style=color:#a31515>&#34;.&#34;</span>), profile.NoShutdownHook).Stop()
47</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> dummy_benchmark()
48</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>}
49</span></span></code></pre><h3 id=cpu-profiling>CPU profiling</h3><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#fff><code><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#00f>package</span> main
50</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
51</span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#00f>import</span> (
52</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#a31515>&#34;fmt&#34;</span>
53</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#a31515>&#34;time&#34;</span>
54</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#a31515>&#34;github.com/pkg/profile&#34;</span>
55</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>)
56</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
57</span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#00f>func</span> dummy_benchmark() {
58</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
59</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> fmt.Println(<span style=color:#a31515>&#34;first set ...&#34;</span>)
60</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#00f>for</span> i := 0; i &lt; 918231333; i++ {
61</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> i *= 2
62</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> i /= 2
63</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> }
64</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
65</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> &lt;-time.After(time.Second*3)
66</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
67</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> fmt.Println(<span style=color:#a31515>&#34;sencond set ...&#34;</span>)
68</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#00f>for</span> i := 0; i &lt; 9182312232; i++ {
69</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> i *= 2
70</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> i /= 2
71</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> }
72</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>}
73</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
74</span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#00f>func</span> main() {
75</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#00f>defer</span> profile.Start(profile.CPUProfile, profile.ProfilePath(<span style=color:#a31515>&#34;.&#34;</span>), profile.NoShutdownHook).Stop()
76</span></span><span style=display:flex><span> dummy_benchmark()
77</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>}
78</span></span></code></pre><h3 id=generating-profiling-reports>Generating profiling reports</h3><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#fff><code><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:green># memory profiling</span>
79</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>go build mem.go
80</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>./mem
81</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>go tool pprof -pdf ./mem mem.pprof &gt; mem.pdf
82</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>
83</span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:green># cpu profiling</span>
84</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>go build cpu.go
85</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>./cpu
86</span></span><span style=display:flex><span>go tool pprof -pdf ./cpu cpu.pprof &gt; cpu.pdf
87</span></span></code></pre><p>This will generate PDF document with visualized profile.<ul><li><a href=/posts/go-profiling/golang-profiling-mem.pdf>Memory PDF profile example</a><li><a href=/posts/go-profiling/golang-profiling-cpu.pdf>CPU PDF profile example</a></ul></div></article></main><section><hr><h2>Posts from blogs I follow around the net</h2><ul><li><a href=https://chotrin.org/writing/2023-10-20.html target=_blank rel=noopener>OpenBSD upgrade and fall things.</a><div>Been AFK for a bit. It's autumn and I upgraded this server to OpenBSD 7.4! — <a href=https://chotrin.org>chötrin's wiki.</a><li><a href=https://mirzapandzo.com/next-image-url-parameter-is-valid-but-upstream-response-is-invalid target=_blank rel=noopener>Next/Image "url" parameter is valid but upstream response is invalid</a><div>Getting "url" parameter is valid but upstream response is invalid error with Next/Image on WSL2 — <a href=https://mirzapandzo.com/>Mirza Pandzo's Blog</a><li><a href=https://drewdevault.com/2023/10/13/Going-off-script.html target=_blank rel=noopener>Going off-script</a><div>There is a phenomenon in society which I find quite bizarre. Upon our entry to
88this mortal coil, we are endowed with self-awareness, agency, and free will.
89Each of th… — <a href=https://drewdevault.com>Drew DeVault's blog</a><li><a href=https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/2023/10/workshop-in-rotterdam-how-to-build-a-bike-generator/ target=_blank rel=noopener>Workshop in Rotterdam: How to Build a Bike Generator</a><div>Afbeelding: Low-tech Magazine workshop in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Poster: Marie Verdeil. Image: Sara Vercauteren
90The workshop takes place on behalf of the “Hou… — <a href=https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/posts/>LOW←TECH MAGAZINE English</a><li><a href="http://offbeatpursuit.com:80/blog/?id=24" target=_blank rel=noopener>Printf debugging</a><div>tags:
91plan9
92There’s no shame in that. Yes, there is documentation, code to be
93read, and debuggers to be used. But sometimes you just need to “see”
94what is happening.
95So… — <a href=http://offbeatpursuit.com:80/blog/>WLOG - blog</a><li><a href=https://neil.computer/notes/chart-of-accounts-for-startups-and-saas-companies/ target=_blank rel=noopener>Chart of Accounts for Startups and SaaS Companies</a><div>Accounting is fundamental to starting a business. You need to have a basic understanding of accounting principles and essential bookkeeping. I had to learn it. Ther… — <a href=https://neil.computer/>Neil Panchal</a><li><a href=https://journal.valeriansaliou.name/deploy-a-nomad-cluster-on-alpine-linux-with-vultr/ target=_blank rel=noopener>Deploy a Nomad Cluster on Alpine Linux with Vultr</a><div>After spending countless hours trying to understand how to deploy my apps on Kubernetes for the first time to host Mirage, an AI API service that I run, I ended up … — <a href=https://journal.valeriansaliou.name/>Valerian Saliou</a><li><a href=https://jcs.org/2023/10/17/wikipedia target=_blank rel=noopener>Wikipedia Reader 1.0 Released</a><div>Wikipedia Reader
961.0 has been released:
97wikipedia-1.0.sit
98(StuffIt 3 archive, includes
99source code
100and THINK C 5 project file)
101SHA256: 360e12d064f6579695f1e627ce34cb2f0… — <a href=https://jcs.org/>joshua stein</a></ul><p><a href=https://git.sr.ht/~sircmpwn/openring>Generated with openring.</a></section><footer><hr><p><big><strong>Want to comment or have something to add?</strong></big><p>You can write me an email
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